Glass may appear to be a perfectly ordered solid, but the chaotic structure of its particles resembles the turbulent chaos of a free-falling liquid that solidifies over time.
Materials in this state, known as amorphous solids, defy simple description. New research involving computation and simulation provides clues. In particular, it suggests that we don’t know that there is some sort of recombination somewhere between the liquid and solid states.
According to According to scientists Dimitrios Vragakis, Mohamed Hashem and Granti Mantadabo of the University of California, Berkeley, there is a temperature boundary behavior for supercooled liquids and solids in which stable particles are excited and “contract”.
We are widely aware of the three basic states of matter in everyday life: solid, liquid, and gas or vapor. Each is defined by the relationships between its molecules and the environment.
When one of these elements changes into another—melting a solid into a liquid or evaporating a liquid into a gas, for example—it’s called a transformation.
But the matter is more complicated than these three basic stages. Atoms become so hot that their charges separate to form plasma. Upon cooling, certain types of particles lose their identity entirely and merge into quantum blur.
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Amorphous solids They are strange mixtures of well-ordered solids and liquids that do not bind together. Particles within solids tend to form predictable connections with their neighbors.
It is not clear how these seemingly random connections transition from viscous streams of liquid molecules to a stable landscape.
A very common example uses glass, the building blocks of oxygen and silicon flux when heated. On slow cooling, these particles have time to form an organized crystalline structure called quartz. If cooled rapidly, the particles somehow retain a disordered structure; It is the point at which it becomes an amorphous solid, and the temperature at which this occurs is the onset temperature.
Vragidakis, Hasim, and Mandadapo used calculations and simulations, along with results from previous experiments, to determine that this transition is not so sharp that it is characterized by the peculiar behavior of particles between their normal liquid states and their supercooled states.
“Our theory predicts the initial temperatures measured in model systems and explains why supercooled liquids behave like solids at these temperatures, even though their structure is similar to that of a liquid.” Mantabo explains.
“The onset temperature of glass dynamics is the same as the melting temperature at which a supercooled liquid ‘melts’ into a liquid. This should be relevant for all supercooled liquids or glass systems.
The yellow areas show molecules that are more mobile above their initial temperature (left), which transition to a more solid state, and are shown in blue when they are too cold (right). Follow favorite
Although the total flux of atoms in a supercooled liquid is almost zero, the particles constantly change their composition as they become stuck in place, leading to motions known as impulses. Researchers manipulate these excitations in a supercooled 2D liquid, such as defects in a crystalline solid, and calculate what happens when the temperature changes.
They discovered that at an initial temperature the corresponding exciton pairs relax, causing the material to lose its solidity and behave as a normal liquid.
The team hopes that their model can be extended to understand how change works in three dimensions and provide a theoretical basis for future experimental work.
“The whole effort is to separate a supercooled liquid from a liquid at a higher temperature under a microscope.” Mantabo says.
“It is fascinating from a basic science perspective to study why these supercooled liquids exhibit different dynamics than the ordinary liquids we know.”
Microsoft has started rolling out the major Windows 11 update, version number 22H2, which comes with major security improvements along with many great features, the most important of which are based on advanced techniques of artificial intelligence generation.
Last week, Microsoft held an event where it revealed the most important improvements and new tools coming in the current Windows 11 2023 update, and the company confirmed that the update will start reaching users today, Tuesday, September 26. .
The company has confirmed that these new features will be rolled out in waves, starting with people who activate “early feature access” in the Windows 11 update.
If you have these, you should start receiving notifications of new updates for the system, and by clicking on them, you’ll start seeing Microsoft Preview, which includes many new features and improvements that the company is testing. system over the past few months.
Many new features rely on AI, including a new Intelligent Assistant tool, and updates to in-box apps that improve AI capabilities.
The most interesting tool is the AI Copilot program, which was announced in May as a replacement for the Cortana voice assistant and is built with OpenAI’s latest GPT-4 artificial intelligence capabilities, which help generate and answer complex questions based on user criteria.
The new Windows 11 update has many features, including:
Copilot Intelligence Assistant.
Updated the file browser interface.
AI suggestions in the file browser’s start menu.
Update the paint scheme.
AI text recognition in crop tool.
Refresh Notepad.
Completely revamped settings homepage interface.
Dynamic lighting to identify and control connected lighting units Upgrade the image viewing program.
Microsoft officials are warning about Copilot ahead of its release
Windows 11 update helps remove passwords
The new Windows 11 update brings an amazing Control Panel
It is worth noting that this Windows 11 update is not an expected update, it will carry the version 23H2 that Microsoft tested several months ago, which is also 22H2, a company spokesperson told the media, and the company will wait for everything. New features coming before version 23H2. This means another big update is coming. .
Resident Evil Village will be released on iPhone at the end of October
At Tokyo Game Show 2023, Capcom revealed that Resident Evil Village will be released on October 30 for iPhone 15 Pro and iPad M1 generation and above. The game costs $39.99 — a $10 increase over the macOS version — and you can get the Winters’ Expansion DLC for an additional $19.99. The expected release date for Resident Evil 4 Remastered for iPhone, iPad and Mac has been recorded Capcom websiteIt is listed as “Available in 2023”.
Capcom says pre-orders for both games will hit the App Store “soon.” The company says that if you order the Village and Winters expansion during the launch period, which the company will announce later, you will receive an additional costume for the character Rosemary Winters in the Shades of Rose DLC expansion.
While Universal Purchase isn’t available for Village, Capcom’s website notes that Resident Evil 4 will support the feature, meaning in-app purchases on one Apple platform can be downloaded and played on other platforms.
Capcom has shared some screenshots of the two games running on iOS or iPadOS.
And inside one look On the iPhone 15 Pro, the game seems to perform at the same level as high-end mobile devices like Steam Tech. To be sure: You’ll need an iPad Pro released in 2021 or later, an iPad Air released in 2022, or an iPhone 15 Pro or iPhone 15 Pro Max to run the Village, so you’ll need to upgrade to an Apple phone with bezels in Titanium if you want to watch Leon fight monsters and it’s fully compatible with your iPhone. will work.
Capcom’s latest installment is a big part of survival horror games, with Resident Evil 4, Death Stranding, Assassin’s Creed Mirage, and the remake of Assassin’s Creed Mirage and The Division Resurgence at Apple’s latest event. Apple used these games to demonstrate the capabilities of its new phones.
After the release of the new Apple phone series, new rumors and leaks started circulating about the iPhone 15 family, upcoming Apple products, especially the iPhone 16 series and what we can expect from them. There are big changes in the brand names. Based on the preference of many Apple fans to see the name Max together, Apple is expected to call its highest model “Ultra” instead of “Pro Max”. Bad brand names.
The iPhone 16 becomes the iPhone Ultra
According to reliable sources such as Majin Bu, a reporter for Apple Product Blog, the camera modules on the iPhone 16 may be compatible with the Vision Pro headphones, and these sources indicate that the iPhone 16 Ultra will come with three new configurations. The camera modules are compatible with Vision Pro headphones, which take the augmented reality experience to a whole new level.
The iPhone 16 becomes the iPhone Ultra
There’s also good news for battery life, as you no longer have to worry about running out of power. The standard version of the iPhone 16 comes with a 120Hz refresh rate and a neat feature to switch to millimeter wave mode to preserve battery life. Additionally, the display button available on the iPhone 16 Pro catches our attention, like this one. The Glance Bar is used on Microsoft’s Surface Duo 2, but it’s actually a physical button and not a digital button.
Previous leaks have indicated that the iPhone 16 series will come with virtual solid-state buttons and offer a variety of functions, and the Pro version is expected to have a 6.3-inch screen and impressive camera upgrades, including a 48-megapixel main camera and 5X. Polyprism telephoto camera. .
