World
Titanic: The Search for the Missing Submarine Continues, How to Find It?
- author, Visual Journalism Group
- stock, BBC News
Rescue teams are in a race against time after a tourist submarine carrying five people went missing when the Titanic sank.
But how do rescue teams try to find the ship, which has been missing for nearly two days in the vast depths of the Atlantic Ocean, and what challenges will they face when they do?
Where does the research focus?
The crew of the submarine Titan lost contact with its surface vessel, the Polar Prince, 1 hour and 45 minutes after it went on a deep dive to view the wreckage on Sunday.
The submarine’s air supply is expected to run out at 10am GMT on Thursday.
The wreck of the Titanic lies about 700 kilometers south of St. John’s, Newfoundland, and several ships are assisting in the rescue effort.
U.S. and Canadian agencies, navies and commercial deep-sea companies are assisting in the rescue operations, which are operated from Boston, Massachusetts using military aircraft and sonar buoys.
Polar Prince has already been joined by the cable-laying vessel Deep Energy and three other vessels, with more on the way. Some carry remotely operated unmanned vehicles, which will be needed to clean the sea floor — the French research vessel L’Atlante is the only one capable of reaching the depths needed to reach the Titanic and is expected to arrive late Wednesday.
U.S. Coast Guard Capt. Jamie Frederick said crews from the U.S. and Canada were “working around the clock” during a “complicated search effort.”
Professor Alistair Gregg, a submarine expert at University College London, said a major problem was that rescuers did not know whether to look at the surface or the bottom of the sea – it was “very unlikely” they were in the middle – and warned not to look everywhere.
The most important challenges are:
- Search on the roof
The US Coast Guard said it was searching an area of about 20,000 square kilometres.
Besides the ships searching the search area, C-130 Hercules aircraft from the US and Canada are also trying to locate the submarine from the air.
But if for whatever reason you can’t send distress signals, Professor Craig says: “It’s about the size of a big pickup truck and painted white, so trying to see it from the air. It can be a real challenge.”
Changing weather and poor visibility are challenges the teams have to face.
- Search the depths of the ocean
Rescuers must also explore the depths – which the 6.7-metre-long submarine can reach almost 4 kilometers – because radio and GPS signals cannot travel through water.
Canadian P-3 Aurora aircraft are conducting sonar searches and sonar buoys are deployed in the area.
Sonar buoys detect and identify moving objects in water – often used to search for enemy submarines.
They can listen for sounds from propellers and passive detection of engines – which may include the crew banging against the submarine’s hull – or bounce sonar sound off the deck, i.e. active detection and listening for the return echo.
Description of ocean depths and submarine trajectories
The U.S. Coast Guard confirmed Tuesday night that a Canadian plane had heard underwater noises, and U.S. media reported an internal memo to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security said it detected underwater “clicking sounds” about 30 minutes apart.
Simon Boxall, an oceanographer at the University of Southampton, says underwater noise can motivate rescue teams. “There are a lot of sound sources in the ocean, but it’s really promising,” he says.
A submarine is different from a submarine. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a submarine can launch itself into the ocean from a port, while a submarine has very limited energy reserves, so it needs a prime mover to launch and recover.
Last year, CBS’s David Bock joined a trip to the Titanic from Oceangate and was told the submarine had seven safety systems.
What are the emergency measures for a missing submarine?
- Tripods: Three lead tubes that can be dropped using hydraulics to gain buoyancy
- Rotating weights: If the hydraulic systems fail, those inside the submarine can tilt the submarine by releasing weights attached to each side by gravity by moving each side of the submarine.
- Ballast bags: Machines can be used to release bags filled with metal shot suspended from the bottom of the submarine.
- Fusible Joints: Joints that melt after 16 hours in seawater if electrical and hydraulics fail.
What will rescue crews do if the vehicle is under the sea?
If she can’t recover, additional expertise from the U.S. Navy and the private sector will be needed to salvage the vessel, according to U.S. Coast Guard Admiral John Mager.
According to Oceangate, Titanic is one of only five manned submersibles in the world capable of reaching Titanic, 3,800 meters below the ocean’s surface.
If Titan is at the bottom of the ocean and cannot return under its own power, the options are very limited, according to Professor Gregg.
If a submarine is more than 200 meters deep, there are very few ships that can go that deep, certainly not submarines.” .
Any attempt to search for a seabed in the area will be carried out by a remotely piloted unmanned vehicle.
A deep-layer power cable that arrived at the scene on Tuesday dispatched at least one vehicle, but it was unclear whether it could reach the required depth.
The U.S. Navy already has a remotely piloted drone capable of operating at that depth and last year used it to locate and recover a crashed fighter jet at a depth of 3,780 meters in the South China Sea.
In this case, the U.S. military used remote-controlled unmanned vehicles to attach the aircraft to a lifting hook that was lowered from a crane on a surface rescue vessel.
Ocean rescue expert David Mearns says that if remotely operated unmanned vehicles can find the Titan, they can recover it.
“A world-class remotely operated vehicle with dual processors could capture Titan or attach a lift line to it and slowly pull it to the surface,” adds Mearns.
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World
Calls for UN support encourage coups
Sudanese Prime Minister Abdullah Hamdok protested the United Nations invitation of army chief Lt. Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan to participate in UN General Assembly meetings, saying it was sending very dangerous signals. Military coups on the African continent.
Hamdok, along with the sovereign and members of the Council of Ministers, who were overthrown by the military in the October 25, 2021 coup, sent a letter to United Nations Secretary-General Anthony Guterres, in which they said, “This call contradicts international positions rejecting the coup that halted the democratic transition process in Sudan”.
In addition to Hamdok, the letter received by Ashark al-Awsad was signed by three members of the Sovereignty Council: Muhammad al-Faqi Sulaiman, al-Tahar Hajar and Muhammad Hassan al-Taishi. Key ministers in Hamdok’s government headed by Council Affairs Minister Khalid Umar Yusuf also signed.
Constitutional collapse
A military element led by Lt. Gen. al-Burhan led a military coup against the interim civilian government, leading to a complete constitutional collapse in the country, Hamdok’s interim civilian government said in a letter to the United Nations. of a de facto government, which later collapsed upon the outbreak of war.On April 15, the direct result of a coup against the civilian government carried out by both sides of the current war, the military and the Quick Support. forces.
The African Union, the UN, rejected the military coup that undermined Hamdok’s civilian government. The letter also referred to the positions of the Security Council and the European Union, and halted the process of democratic transition in Sudan. Condemning the coup d’état and demanding the return of power to the people.
Contradictory positions
The letter promises to invite the military commander to attend United Nations General Assembly meetings as Sudan’s representative, which is contrary to declared international positions and helps prolong the ongoing war in Sudan. The recent rise in military coups on the African continent.
On October 25, the Chairman of the Sovereignty Council, the Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Army, announced the dissolution of the Sovereignty Council and the Council of Ministers, the suspension of certain provisions of the constitutional document governing the interim period, and the arrest of the Prime Minister. Minister and members of the Sovereign Council and Ministers of the Executive.
In light of these actions by the Sudanese military, the African Union suspended Sudan’s membership, describing it as an unconstitutional power grab, and the United States and the World Bank froze aid to Sudan, making it conditional on its reinstatement. Power to civil forces.
The MIG shot down the plane
On the ground, on Monday, a MIG military aircraft belonging to the Sudanese army was shot down by Rapid Support Forces, as fighting intensified in several parts of the capital city of Khartoum. Residents of neighborhoods adjacent to the military headquarters in central Khartoum reported violent clashes between the two sides and exchanges of artillery and heavy weapons around the military’s key military headquarters. For the tenth day in a row, the Rapid Support Forces attack with the aim of controlling the military command.
According to witnesses who spoke to Asharq Al-Awsat, the army bombarded the offensive forces with drones, leading to thick columns of black smoke in the targeted area. South of Khartoum.
Heavy artillery fire was heard in Al-Zarif, West, Burri, Imdad Nasser and the capital Khartoum all east of the Nile.
In a statement on the “X” site (formerly Twitter), the Rapid Support Forces announced the downing of the second Army MIG fighter jet in two days.
The aircraft “dropped bombs on innocent civilians and continued to destroy public facilities and markets,” the Rapid Support Forces said. Remnants and elements of the defunct Burhan-led National Congress regime adopted a scorched-earth policy, deliberately bombing settlements, markets and key facilities in the three cities of the capital and some states in Darfur and Kordofan. Thousands of innocent civilians were injured.
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World
Washington is strengthening military bases in the Philippines to protect Taiwan
These facilities include shipbuilding, airstrip repair and military bases in the Philippines, ready to defend the Philippines and support the island of Taiwan, located north of the Philippines, in case of any Chinese invasion of the island.
Philippine request
The news came in a report by the Hong Kong newspaper “South China Morning Post” published on Monday.
- The Philippines has asked the US to help build a ship and repair an airstrip at the Camilo Osias naval base in northern Cagayan province, which is accessible to Washington under the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) signed between the two countries in 2014.
- These bases are very close to southern Taiwan and, if strengthened and developed, could be focal points if a conflict with China erupts.
- There are plans to add a fuel storage facility and command center at Lal Lo Airport, Cagayan.
- US Indo-Pacific Command Commander Adm. John Aquilino and Armed Forces of the Philippines Commander Romeo Browner Jr. inspected the two sites this month to discuss increasing the number of sites Americans can access under the deal.
Mutual Defense Agreement
The EDCA agreement is a joint defense agreement that allows the US military to rotate forces for long periods of time in 5 locations in the country, located across from China, separated only by the waters of the South China Sea, and allowing Washington to build and operate facilities. For American and Philippine forces.
In February, the Philippines extended an agreement to give the Americans access to four other military bases, including Camilo Osias Naval Base and Lal Lu Airport, north of the country toward southern Taiwan.
The Philippines and the United States have agreed that the Camilo Osias base and Lal Lu airport could play an important role in the event of an armed conflict between China and Taiwan. Forces operating there would have immediate access to defend Taiwan’s southern flank and prevent Chinese incursions into the Philippine Sea through the Bashi Channel.
The Philippines has been under military pressure from China, including incidents in recent months in which Chinese ships blocked Philippine Coast Guard vessels from reaching disputed islands.
Time indicators
Since August 2022, former Speaker of the US House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan has seen a serious crisis between Beijing and Washington, which China accuses of supporting Washington in its “separatist efforts”. It is bracing for the possibility of a US-China conflict in the region, particularly if Beijing invades Taiwan.
In light of this situation, political analyst Jasser Matar explains to Sky News Arabia the implications of recent US action in the Philippines, which is close to Taiwan and the Chinese mainland:
- The Philippines has bases closest to Taiwan, which is the gateway to the south of the island.
- The US wants to build up a military base at every point close to Taiwan. Supporting Ukraine in the event of a Chinese invasion, as it did in neighboring Poland.
- Also, the intensity of the US presence and the development of military infrastructure in the Philippines contribute to the defense of Manila, which could be vulnerable to military action if a conflict breaks out over Taiwan.
- This creates a crisis for China; The United States prepared Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines to defend Taiwan.
- Washington, for its part, is betting that increasing the armaments of these allies and intensifying its presence on their lands will deter China from attacking Taiwan. So don’t open more than one front.
- However, if a conflict breaks out in the South China Sea, it will be multilateral, not just between two countries.
The US Defense Secretary, who visited Manila last February, reaffirmed his country’s commitment to the Philippines in the event of any attacks, as per the Mutual Defense Treaty.
“We have indicated that the mutual defense agreement applies to armed attacks on our armed forces, public vessels or aircraft anywhere in the South China Sea or the West Philippine Sea,” he said at a news conference in Austin. With his Filipino, Carlito Galvez.
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World
Hamdok’s dissolved government addresses the United Nations regarding al-Burhan’s participation
Abdallah Hamdok’s government, dissolved by the decision of Sudan’s military commander, said al-Burhan’s participation in the United Nations General Assembly in New York was “contrary to declared international positions against military coups”.
According to a memorandum signed by Abdullah Hamdok and several former ministers, the participation of the Sudanese military commander in the work of the United Nations General Assembly sends alarming and encouraging signals to the military revolutions that have recently spread in Africa.
October 2021 mentioned in the memorandum
Mr. United Nations. Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres:
Subject: Participation of the leader of the October 25 coup in Sudan at the 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly.
We, the undersigned members of the Government of Sudan formed in 2019, this year’s constitutional document, address you to clarify the following:
- First, on October 25, 2021, a military component led by Lieutenant General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Abdel Rahman led a military coup against the interim civilian government, leading to a complete constitutional collapse. This led to the existence of a de facto government which collapsed with the outbreak of the 15th War, a direct result of a coup against the civil government.
- Secondly, the African Union, the UN Regional and international institutions, including the Security Council and the European Union, have rejected the military coup that undermined the interim government and halted the democratic transition process in Sudan. Coup and return of power to the people.
- Thirdly, the invitation of the coup leader to represent Sudan in the United Nations General Assembly meetings is contrary to the above positions, and it also contributes to the continuation of the ongoing war in Sudan today. This sends very alarming and encouraging signals to the recent rise in military coups on the African continent.
- The Glorious Revolution of December 2018 determined the Sudanese people’s stance on military coups and authoritarian regimes by recognizing the government’s full civil code and rejecting the October 25 coup, as well as defining the military’s relationship with politics. Constitution and defense of the country against external threats. To the coup leader who shares the commitment to democracy, peace and freedom as a partner in the war in Sudan today.
“Creator. Award-winning problem solver. Music evangelist. Incurable introvert.”
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