A new report released by the Moscow Innovation Cluster at the Moscow Startup Summit, organised by the Government of Moscow and Sber, challenges prevailing assumptions about the startup landscape. By comparing international data on failed enterprises with their own assessment of promising Russian ventures, experts have debunked several myths and provided a clearer understanding of startup survival rates in both Russia and globally.
What’s happening?
Across the world, perceptions of risk for emerging businesses are evolving. The so-called “Valley of Death” is no longer viewed solely as a danger but is increasingly recognised as an inevitable – and often valuable – phase in strengthening a company’s foundation. According to the Cluster’s study, the likelihood of success relies less on the size of initial investment and more on a team’s responsiveness to market demands, its ability to adapt swiftly, and the effective use of external support.
Despite ongoing challenges, Russia is nurturing a resilient and diverse ecosystem where three-year survival rates for startups are comparable to those seen in Europe and the United States.
The myth of 90%.
The claim that 90% of Russian startups collapse in their first year is outdated. Studies from the 2010s showed such numbers, but they mainly tracked internet startups and often counted companies that simply stopped growing, not just those that shut down. Current global data suggests that 40–60% of companies close within their first few years with variations by country, industry, and support conditions. The main reason is not funding shortages, but lack of demand and poor market assessment. Other factors include:
- No demand
- Insufficient financing
- Weak team
- Losing out to competitors
- Poor timing of product launch
- Ignoring customer feedback
- Unclear product design
- Ineffective marketing
- Pricing errors or high costs
Who survives?
About 80% of Russian startups face the early-stage crisis. The critical point comes during first sales (41% of cases) or product testing (34%). Survival depends on a comprehensive approach, not just cutting costs. According to the survey, 88% of startups sought external support to get through difficulties. Half did so at the first sign of trouble, 33% only after realizing they couldn’t cope alone, and 11% needed strong advice to take that step.
The key supporters for Russian startups include:
- Major clients and partners (who ease obligations and help improve products)
- Development institutions (as a central source of structured support)
- Incubators and accelerators (mentoring, networking, promotion, product testing)
- Business angels (financial backing)
Yet the research stresses: external help works only when combined with internal strength – a solid team, good management, and fast decision-making.
The Russian specifics.
In Russia, about 61% of tech companies remain on the market after three years — higher than the global average. Startups founded during or after the pandemic proved even more resilient, as they were built in conditions of uncertainty and focused on promising niches from the start.
Bottom line.
The Moscow Innovation Cluster’s study paints a more complex but also more optimistic picture than the usual narrative. The “Valley of Death” is not a death sentence but a tough training ground. Companies that pass through it emerge stronger and more sustainable. The key to success lies in three elements: understanding customer needs, building a strong team, and making full use of the national ecosystem. Russian startups are showing that this formula works.